CLIMATE-RELATED CHALLENGES IN CENTRAL ASIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This study examines climate-related challenges in Central Asia, with a particular focus on Uzbekistan, as a critical development dilemma shaped by environmental, socio-economic, and institutional factors. The research employs statistical, comparative, and forecasting methods, alongside green metrics and international analytical frameworks, to assess key trends. The findings reveal increasing water scarcity due to glacier retreat, reduced river flows, and inefficient resource use, as well as severe environmental degradation exemplified by the Aral Sea crisis and pressures on Lake Balkhash. Air pollution, desertification, and rising vehicle emissions further exacerbate environmental and public health risks. The study also highlights the significance of national and international policy responses, including climate agreements, green economy reforms, and environmental programs. It concludes that sustainable development in Central Asia requires integrated policy approaches, improved resource management, technological adoption, and strengthened regional cooperation to address transboundary environmental challenges effectively.